Dravya (द्रव्य) refers to “drugs” and represents one of the four pādas or factors to make a treatment perfect. The Ayurvedic system says that the body (śarīra) is also pañcabhautika and the medicines i.e. plants and animals are also pañcabhautika. The four pādas or factors to make a treatment perfect are:
1. Bhiṣak: Vaidya-doctor
2. Dravya: drugs
3. Paricāraka: bystander/helper and
4. Rogī: Patient.
If these four pādas perfectly merge the treatment will be a success.

Have compiled the Dravya names and their botanical names which I studied when I was in 2nd Year BAMS. Hoping it will be useful for some students.
Ajamoda | Apium graveolens |
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Adhaki | Cajanus cajan |
Ajaji | Cuminum cyminum |
Akhuparna | Ipomoea reniformis |
Amalaka | Emblica officinalis |
Akshoda | Juglans regia |
Aswattha | Ficus religiosa |
Ambastha | Tamarix articulata |
Ajwain | Trachyspermum ammi |
Agnimantha | Premna integrifolia |
Ashwangandha | Withania somnifera |
Asana | Pterocarpus marsupium |
Ativisha | Aconitum heterophyllum |
Aamra | Mangifera indica |
Agaru | Aquilaria agallocha |
Ahiphena | Papaver somniferum |
Akarkara | Anacyclus pyrethrum |
Alsi | Linum usitatissimum |
Aragvadha | Cassia fistula |
Amba haldi | Curcuma aromatica |
Amlavetasa | Garcinia pedunculata |
Apamarga | Achyranthes aspera |
Amra gandha | Curcuma amda |
Aparajita | Clitoria ternatea |
Arjuna | Terminalia arjuna |
Arka | Calotropis procera |
Ashoka | Saraca indica |
Agastya | Sesbania grandiflora |
Atibala | Abutilon indicum |
Ankola | Alangium lamarckii |
Ardraka | Zingiber officinale |
Arjaka | Orthosiphon pallidus |
Asthi shrinkhala | Cissus quandrangularis |
Bakula | Mimusops elengi |
Bimbi | Coccinia indica |
Bhumyamalaki | Phyllanthus niruri |
Bakuchi | Psoralea corylifolia |
Babool | Acacia arabica |
Badara | Zizyphus jujuba |
Bala | Sida cordifolia |
Bharangi | Clerodendrum Serratum |
Brihati | Solanum indicum |
Bhunimba | Andrographis paniculata |
Bilwa | Aegle marmelos |
Brahmi | Bacopa monnieri |
Bhallataka | Semecarpus anacardium |
Bhringaraja | Eclipta alba |
Bhumi amla | Phyllanthus niruri |
Bhanga | Cannabis sativa |
Chakramarda | Cassia tora |
Chitraka | Plumbago zeylanica |
Chandana | Santalum album |
Chandrashura | Lepidium sativum |
Chavya | Piper cubeba |
Chopachini | Smilax china |
Choraka | Angelica glauca |
Chameli | Jasminum officinale |
Champaka | Michelia champaka |
Changeri | Oxalis corniculata |
Chincha | Tamarindus indica |
Chiru bilwa | Holoptelia integrifolia |
Dalchini | Cinnamonum zeylanica |
Darbha | Eragrostis cynosuroides |
Dronapushpi | Leucas cephalotes |
Dhyamaka | Cymbopogon martini |
Duralabha | Mucuna pruriens |
Danti | Baliospermum montanum |
Dadima | Punica granatum |
Devadaru | Cedrus deodar |
Draksha | Vitis vinfera |
Dhanyaka | Coriandrum sativum |
Daruharidra | Berberis aristata |
Dhattura | Datura metel |
Duralabha | Fagonia cretica |
Dhataki | Woodfordia fruticosa |
Durva | Cynodon dactylon |
Ela | Elettaria cardamomum |
Eranda | Ricinus communis |
Eswara moola | Aristolochia indica |
Gajar | Daucus carota |
Gandira | Albizzia lebbeck |
Gavakshi | Citrullus colocynthis |
Gambhari | Gmelina arborea |
Gaja Pippali | Scindapsus officinalis |
Guduchi | Tinospora cordifolia |
Gandha prasarini | Paederia Foetida |
Ghrita Kumari | Aloe vera barbadensis |
Gojihva | Onosma Bracteatum |
Gokshura | Tribulus terristris |
Gorakhmundi | Sphaeranthus Indicus |
Guggulu | Commiphora mukul |
Gunja | Abrus precatorius |
Hadjod | Cissus quadrangularis |
Haridra | Curcuma longa |
Hamsapadi | Adiantum lunulatum |
Haritaki | Terminalia chebula |
Hrivera | Pavonia odorata |
Hingu | Ferula foetida |
Hapusha | Sphaeranthus indicus |
Indravaruni | Citrullus Colocynthis |
Ikshu | Saccharum officinarium |
Indrayava | Holarrhena Antidysenterica Seeds |
Ingudi | Balanites aegyptiaca |
Irimeda | Acacia farnesiana |
Isabgol | Plantago ovata |
Ikshura | Astercantha longifolia |
Ikshwaku | Lageneria vulgaris |
Jatiphala | Myristica fragrans |
Jalakanda | Trapa bispinosa |
Jambeera | Citrus limon |
Jambu | Syzgium cumini |
Japa | Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis |
Jatamamsi | Nardostachys jatamamsi |
Jivanti | Leptadenia reticulata |
Kanchanara | Bauhinia vareigata |
Karkandhu | Zizyphus nummularia |
Kantakari | Solanum xanthocarpum |
Kaccholam | Curcuma zedoria |
Kusha | Desmostachya bipinnata |
Kasa | Saccharum spontaneum |
Kakanasika | Martynia diandra |
Kakoli | Roscoea procera |
Kakaoudambarika | Ficus hispida |
Kataka | Strychnos potatorum |
Kasamarda | Cassia occidentalis |
Kundurushka | Boswellia serrata |
Kadamba | Anthocephalus indicus |
Kapittha | Feronia limonia |
Kalamegha | Andrographis paniculata |
Karavira | Nerium indicum |
Karpas | Gossypium herbaceum |
Karpur | Cinnamomum camphora |
Karkatashringi | Pistacia integerrima |
Kapikacchu | Mucuna pruriens |
Kumkuma | Crocus sativus |
Ketaki | Pandanus tectorius |
Kushmanda | Cucurbita pepo |
Kaseruka | Scripsus grossus |
Kulattha | Dolichos biflorus |
Kalonji | Nigella sativa |
Kuchandana | Coscinium fenestratum |
Kuchala | Strychnos nuxvomica |
Katukarohini | Picrorhiza kurroa |
Kramuka | Areca catechu |
Koshataki | Luffa acutangula |
Kodrava | Paspalum scrobiculatum |
Kuberaksha | Caesalpinia crista |
Kirata tikta | Swertia chirata |
Karanja | Pongamia pinnata |
Karavi | Carum carvi |
Katphala | Myrica nagi |
Kashmarya | Gmelina arborea |
Katphala | Myrica nagi |
Kamala | Nelumbo nucifera |
Kantakari | Solanum xanthocarpum |
Kutaja | Holarrhena antidysenterica |
Kushta | Sausserea lappa |
Khadira | Acacia catechu |
Kharjura | Phoenix dactylifera |
Karavella | Momordica charantia |
Kushthumburu | Coriandrum sativum |
Kampillaka | Mallotus philippinensis |
Kumuda | Nymphea alba |
Lamajja | Cymbopogon jwarancusa |
Langali | Gloriosa superba |
Lodhra | Symplocos racemosa |
Lakucha | Artocarpus lakoocha |
Lasuna | Allium sativum |
Lajjalu | Mimosa pudica |
Laksha | Laccifer lacca |
Lata Karanja | Caesalpinia crista |
Lavanga | Syzygium aromaticum |
Madhuka | Madhuca indica |
Madayanti | Lawsonia inermis |
Maha nimba | Melia azadirach |
Madhu snuhi | Smilax china |
Mandukaparni | Centella asiatica |
Maricha | Piper nigrum |
Matulunga | Citrus medica |
Meda | Polygonatum verticillatum |
Madhulika | Eleusine carocana |
Masura | Lens culinaria |
Mriganabhi | Moschus moschiferus |
Masha | Phaseolus mungo |
Mridwika | Vitis vinfera |
Madanaphala | Randia dumetorum |
Mamira | Coptis teeta |
Mochrasa | Salmalia malabarica |
Mahabala | Sida rhombifolia |
Moolika | Raphanus sativus |
Mashaparni | Teramnus labialis |
Manjishta | Rubia cordifolia |
Mudgaparni | Phaseolus trilobus |
Musta | Cyperus rotundus |
Mundi | Sphaeranthus indicus |
Murva | Sansevieria Roxburghiana |
Musali Kali | Curculigo orchioides |
Musali safed | Asparagus adscendens |
Malkangani | Celastrus paniculata |
Nagakesara | Mesua ferrea |
Nirgundi | Vitex negundo |
Naranga | Citrus reticulata |
Narikela | Cocos nucifera |
Nimba | Azadirachta indica |
Nyagrodha | Ficus bengalensis |
Nirvishi | Delphinium denudatum |
Nilini | Indigofera tinctoria |
Nakha | Helix aspera |
Nagavalli | Piper betle |
Nichula | Barringtonia acutangula |
Nagadanti | Baliospermum montanum |
Punarnava | Boerhaavia diffusa |
Phalgu | Ficus hispida |
Payasya | Holostemma rheedianum |
Patranga / Patra | Cinnamomum tamala |
Punnaga | Calophyllum inophyllum |
Putika | Holptelea integrifolia |
Prishniparni | Uraria picta |
Paribhadra | Erythrina variegata |
Pushkaramula | Inula racemosa |
Parushaka | Grewia asiatica |
Palasha | Butea monosperma |
Palandu | Allium cepa |
Plaksha | Ficus lacor |
Phalini | Callicarpa macrophylla |
Padmaka | Prunus cerasoides |
Pashanabheda | Berginia ligulata |
Patola | Trichosanthes Dioica |
Parpataka | Fumaria parviflora |
Patha | Cissampelos pareira |
Pippali | Piper longum |
Patala | Stereospermum suaveolens |
Putranjeevaka | Putranjiva roxbhurghii |
Parasika Yavani | Hyoscyamus niger |
Rohitaka | Tecomella undulata |
Rudraksha | Elaeocarpus ganitrus |
Rohisha | Cymbopogon martini |
Rishabhaka | Microstylis wallichhi |
Rasona | Allium sativum |
Rasna | Pluchea lanceolata |
Sprikka | Delphinium zalil |
Sahadevi | Sida rhombifolia |
Saireya | Barleria cristata |
Sankhini | Acacia concinna |
Saptaranga | Salacia chinensis |
Sarshapa | Brassica campestris |
Shigru | Moringa oleifera |
Sarja niryasa | Vateria indica |
Somavalli | Ephedra vulgaris |
Salmali | Bombax malabarica |
Snuhi | Euphorbia nerifolia |
Shalaparni | Desmodium gangetium |
Saptaparni | Alstonia scholaris |
Shatavari | Asparagus racemosus |
Sariva | Hemedismus indicus |
Sunthi | Zingiber officinale |
Sarpagandha | Rauwolfia serpentina |
Shankhapushpi | Evolvulus alsinoides |
Sharapunkha | Tephrosia purpurea |
Sirisha | Albizzia lebbeck |
Somlata | Ephedra gerardiana |
Shatapushpi | Anethum sowa |
Syonaka | Oroxylum indicum |
Surana | Amorphophallus campanulatus |
Sriveshtaka | Pinus longifolia |
Sringataka | Trapa bispinosa |
Shyama | Ipomea turpethum |
Sathi | Curcuma zeodoria |
Tanduliyaka | Amaranthus spinosus |
Tagara | Valeriana wallichii |
Talaparna | Chlorophytum tuberosum |
Tala pushpa | Borassus flabellifer |
Takkola | Illcium verum |
Tejovati | Zanthoxylum armatum |
Tulasi | Ocimum sanctum |
Talisapatra | Abies webbiana |
Tejapatra | Cinnamomum tamala |
Tila | Sesamum indicum |
Trayamana | Gentiana kurroa |
Tuvaraka | Hydnocarpus laurifolia |
Tumburu | Zanthoxylum alatum |
Tugakshiri | Bambusa arundinaca |
Trivrit | Operculina thurpethum |
Urvaru | Cucumis melo |
Upodika | Basella rubra |
Udumbara | Ficus glomerata |
Ucchata | Blepharis edulis |
Utkata | Sesbania bispinosa |
Upakunchika | Nigella sativa |
Utpala | Nymphaea Caerulea |
Ushira | Vetiveria zizanioides |
Vasuka | Osmanthus fragrans |
Vatsanabha | Aconitum ferox |
Vriddhadaru | Argyreia speciosa |
Vidula | Salix caprea |
Vishamushti | Strychnos nuxvomica |
Vrikshamla | Garcinia indica |
Vidarikand | Pueraria tuberosa |
Varuna | Crataeva nurvala |
Vata | Ficus benghalensis |
Vishnukranta | Evolvulus alsinoides |
Vamsa | Bambusa bambos |
Vacha | Acorus calamus |
Vasa | Adhathoda vasica |
Vyaghra nakha | Capparis sepiaria |
Vrischikali | Pergularia extensa |
Yashtimadhu | Glycyrrhiza Glabra |
Yavasa | Alhagi camelorum |
Yuthi | Jasminum auriculatum |
Yava | Hordeum vulgare |
Hello!!
I’m Dr. Malini Bhat MD (Ayu); an Ayurvedic Doctor and a health blogger. Follow me on social media to get daily health tips which you can easily adapt to a healthy lifestyle.