The 27th chapter of Madhava Nidana deals with Udavartadi Nidanam which is Reverse Peristalsis and the like. When the wave-like muscle contractions of peristalsis move backward instead of forward, it’s called retroperistalsis, antiperistalsis or reverse peristalsis. This is what happens when your vomiting reflex is triggered.
Causes of Udavarta —
वात – विण्मूत्र – जृम्भाश्रु – क्षवोद्गार – वमीन्द्रिय –
क्षुतृष्णोच्छ्रवास – निद्राणां धृत्योदावर्तसम्भवः || १ ||
vāta – viṇmūtra – jr̥mbhāśru – kṣavōdgāra – vamīndriya –
kṣutr̥ṣṇōcchravāsa – nidrāṇāṁ dhr̥tyōdāvartasambhavaḥ || 1 ||
The Causes for the disease udavarta include Suppression of the urges of
- flatus,
- faeces,
- urine,
- yawning,
- tears and sneezing
- Belching
- Vomiting
- Discharge of semen
- Hunger
- Thirst
- Respiration and
- Sleep. 1
Signs and symptoms caused by Suppression of fart etc.,
वात – मूत्र – पुरिषाणां सङ्गो ध्मानं क्लमो रुजा |
जठरे वातजाश्चान्ये रोगाः स्युर्वातनिग्रहात् || २ ||
vāta – mūtra – puriṣāṇāṁ saṅgō dhmānaṁ klamō rujā |
jaṭharē vātajāścānyē rōgāḥ syurvātanigrahāt || 2 ||
The causes for the movement of flatus are —
- Removal of flatus, feaces, and urine
- Distension of the stomach
- Weakness
- Pain in the stomach and other features.
आटोप – शूलौ परिकर्तिका च सङ्गः पुरिषस्य तथोर्ध्ववातः |
पुरिषमास्यादथवा निरेति पुरीषवेगे अभिहते नरस्य || ३ ||
āṭōpa – śūlau parikartikā ca saṅgaḥ puriṣasya tathōrdhvavātaḥ |
puriṣamāsyādathavā nirēti purīṣavēgē abhihatē narasya ||3 ||
Symptoms caused by the suppression of urge of faeces —
- Intestinal gurgling
- Pain in the stomach
- Cutting pain in the rectum
- Constipation and
- Even upward movement of flatus and faeces through the mouth. 3
बस्ति – मेहनयोः शूलं मूत्रकृच्छ्रं शिरोरुजा |
विनामो वंक्षणानाहः स्याल्लिङ्गं मूत्रनिग्रहे || ४ ||
basti – mēhanayōḥ śūlaṁ mūtrakr̥cchraṁ śirōrujā |
vināmō vaṅkṣaṇānāhaḥ syālliṅgaṁ mūtranigrahē || 4 ||
Symptoms caused due to suppression of urge of urine —
- Pain in the bladder and urethra
- Difficulty to urinate
- Headache
- Bending of the body forward and
- Obstruction of the groins. 4
मन्यागलस्तम्भ – शिरोविकारा जृम्भोपघातात् पवनात्मकाः स्युः |
तथा अक्षि – नासा – वदनामयाश्च भवन्ति तीव्राः सह कर्ण रोगैः || ५ ||
manyāgalastambha – śirōvikārā jr̥mbhōpaghātāt pavanātmakāḥ syuḥ |
tathā akṣi – nāsā – vadanāmayāśca bhavanti tīvrāḥ saha karṇa rōgaiḥ || 5 ||
Symptoms caused due to suppression of Yawning —
- Stiffness of the neck,throat
- Headache
- Other features of vata vrdhhi and
- Disorders of eyes, nose, face and ears. 5
आनन्दजं वा अप्यथ शोकजं वा नेत्रोदकं प्राप्तममुञ्चतो हि |
शिरोगुरुत्वं नयनामयाश्च भवन्ति तीव्राः सह पीनसेन || ६ ||
ānandajaṁ vā apyatha śōkajaṁ vā nētrōdakaṁ prāptamamuñcatō hi |
śirōgurutvaṁ nayanāmayāśca bhavanti tīvrāḥ saha pīnasēna || 6 ||
Symptoms caused due to suppression of Tears of either pleasure or grief —
- Heaviness of the head
- Disorders of the eyes and
- Severe nasal catarrh. 6
मन्यास्तम्भः शिरः शूलमर्दितार्धावभेदकौ |
इन्द्रियाणां च दौर्बल्यं क्षवथोः स्याद्विधारणात् || ७ ||
manyāstambhaḥ śiraḥ śūlamarditārdhāvabhēdakau |
indriyāṇāṁ ca daurbalyaṁ kṣavathōḥ syādvidhāraṇāt || 7 ||
Symptoms caused due to suppression of bouts of sneeze —
- Stiffness of the neck
- Headache of one side
- Migraine and
- Debility of sensory organs. 7
कण्ठास्यपूर्णत्वमतीव तोदः कूजश्च वायोरथवा अप्रवृत्तिः |
उद्गारवेगे अभिहते भवन्ति घोरा विकाराः पवनप्रसूताः || ८ ||
kaṇṭhāsyapūrṇatvamatīva tōdaḥ kūjaśca vāyōrathavā apravr̥ttiḥ |
udgāravēgē abhihatē bhavanti ghōrā vikārāḥ pavanaprasūtāḥ || 8 ||
Symptoms caused due to suppression of the Belching —
- Feeling of fullness and pain in the throat and mouth
- Movement of air upward with mild sound or total blockage and
- Such other features of Vata Vrdhhi. 8
कण्डु – कोठारुचि – व्यङ्ग – शोथ – पाण्ड्वामय – ज्वराः |
कुष्ट – विसर्प – ह्रुल्लासाश्छर्दिनिग्रहजा गदाः || ९ ||
kaṇḍu – kōṭhāruci – vyaṅga – śōtha – pāṇḍvāmaya – jvarāḥ |
kuṣṭa – visarpa – hrullāsāśchardinigrahajā gadāḥ || 9 ||
Symptoms caused due to suppression of Vomiting —
- Irritation
- Appearance of rashes of the skin
- Anorexia
- Black patches
- Oedema
- Anemia
- Fever
- Leprosy
- Erysipelas and
- Oppression of the chest. 9
मूत्राशये वै गुद – मुष्कयोश्च शोथो रुजा मूत्रविनिग्रहश्च |
शुक्राश्मरि तत्स्रवणं भवेच्च ते ते विकारा विहते च शुक्रे || १० ||
mūtrāśayē vai guda – muṣkayōśca śōthō rujā mūtravinigrahaśca |
śukrāśmari tatsravaṇaṁ bhavēcca tē tē vikārā vihatē ca śukrē || 10 ||
Symptoms caused due to suppression of Ejaculation —
- Inflammation and pain in the bladder, the rectum and both the sides
of the scrotum - Urinary retention
- Formation of seminal concretions
- Seminal discharge and
- Other related disorders. 10
तन्द्राङ्गमर्दावरुचिः श्रमश्च क्षुधाभिघातात् कृशता च दुष्टैः |
कण्ठास्यशोषः श्रवणावरोधस्तृष्णाविघातद्धुदये व्यथा च || ११ ||
tandrāṅgamardāvaruciḥ śramaśca kṣudhābhighātāt kr̥śatā ca duṣṭaiḥ |
kaṇṭhāsyaśōṣaḥ śravaṇāvarōdhastr̥ṣṇāvighātaddhudayē vyathā ca || 11 ||
The effects of suppression of Hunger are —
- Stupor
- Body aches
- Anorexia
- Exhaustion
- Weakness and
- Loss of eye sight;
- It leads to Dryness of throat and mouth
- Difficulty in hearing and
- Pain in the region of the heart. 11
श्रान्तस्य निःश्वासविनिग्रहेण हृद्रोग – मोहावथवा अपि गुल्मः |
जृम्भा अङ्गमर्दो अक्षि – शिरोतिजाड्यं निद्राभिघातादथवा अपि तन्द्रा || १२ ||
śrāntasya niḥśvāsavinigrahēṇa hr̥drōga – mōhāvathavā api gulmaḥ |
jr̥mbhā aṅgamardō akṣi – śirōtijāḍyaṁ nidrābhighātādathavā api tandrā
|| 12 ||
Symptoms caused due to suppression of respiration after exertion —
- Heart diseases
- Delusion and
- Abdominal diseases
Symptoms caused due to suppression of Urge of sleep —
- Yawning
- Body aches
- Diseases of the eyes, head and
- Stupor. 12
Udvarta caused by aggravation of Vata —
वायुः कोष्टानुगो रुक्षैः कषाय – कटुतिक्तकैः |
भोजनैः कुपितः सध्य उदावर्तं करोति हि || १३ ||
वात – मूत्र – पुरिषास्रुक्कफ – मेदोवहानि वै |
स्रोतांस्युदावर्तयति पुरीषं ह्रुल्लासारतिपीडितः || १४ ||
ततो ह्रुद्बस्ति – शूलार्तो ह्रुल्लासारतिपीडितः |
वात – मूत्र – पुरीषाणि कृच्छ्रेण लभते नरः || १५ ||
श्वास – कास – प्रतिश्याय – दाह – मोह – तृषा – ज्वरान् |
वमि – हिक्का – शिरोरोग – मनः श्रवण विभ्रमान् |
बहूनान्यांश्च लभते विकारान् वात कोपजान् || १६ ||
vāyuḥ kōṣṭānugō rukṣaiḥ kaṣāya – kaṭutiktakaiḥ |
bhōjanaiḥ kupitaḥ sadhya udāvartaṁ karōti hi || 13 ||
vāta – mūtra – puriṣāsrukkapha – mēdōvahāni vai |
srōtānsyudāvartayati purīṣaṁ hrullāsāratipīḍitaḥ || 14 ||
tatō hrudbasti – śūlārtō hrullāsāratipīḍitaḥ |
vāta – mūtra – purīṣāṇi kr̥cchrēṇa labhatē naraḥ || 15 ||
śvāsa – kāsa – pratiśyāya – dāha – mōha – tr̥ṣā – jvarān |
vami – hikkā – śirōrōga – manaḥ śravaṇa vibhramān |
bahūnānyānśca labhatē vikārān vāta kōpajān || 16 ||
Sudden increase in Vata in the stomach and udavarta are caused due to the
- Ingestion of eatables that are dry, astringent, pungent and bitter.
The normal direction of the movement in the passages of flatus, urine,
feaces, blood , fluids (kapha) and adipose tissue (medas) gets reversed or
obstructed, feaces gets dried up; pain occurs in the region of the heart and
bladder.
The features of morbid increase in Vata Prakopa —
- Nausea
- Restlessness
- Passing of flatus, urine and feaces with difficulty
- Promoted respiration
- Cough
- Running of the nose
- Burning sensation
- Confusion
- Thirst
- Fever
- Vomiting
- Hiccup
- Headaches
- Unsteady gait and
- Disorders of hearing. 13-16
Aanahaa (Flatulence) —
आमं शकृद्वा निचितं क्रमेण भूयो विबद्धं विगुणानीलेन |
प्रवर्तमानं न यथास्वमेनं विकारमानाहमुदाहरन्ति || १७ ||
तस्मिन् भवन्त्यामसमुद्भवे तु तृष्णा – प्रतिश्याय – शिरोविदाहाः |
आमाशये शूलमथो गुरुत्वं हृत्स्तम्भ उद्गारविघातनं च || १८ ||
स्तम्भः कटि – पृष्ठ – पुरीष – मूत्रे शूलो अथ मूर्च्छा शकृतश्च छर्दिः |
श्वासश्च पक्काशयजे भवन्ति तथा अलसोक्तानि च लक्षणानि || १९||
āmaṁ śakr̥dvā nicitaṁ kramēṇa bhūyō vibaddhaṁ viguṇānīlēna |
pravartamānaṁ na yathāsvamēnaṁ vikāramānāhamudāharanti || 17 ||
tasmin bhavantyāmasamudbhavē tu tr̥ṣṇā – pratiśyāya – śirōvidāhāḥ |
āmāśayē śūlamathō gurutvaṁ hr̥tstambha udgāravighātanaṁ ca || 18 ||
stambhaḥ kaṭi – pr̥ṣṭha – purīṣa – mūtrē śūlō atha mūrcchā śakr̥taśca chardiḥ |
śvāsaśca pakkāśayajē bhavanti tathā alasōktāni ca lakṣaṇāni || 19||
Features of the disease Aanaha are —
- Gradual accumulation of undigested eatables materials (ama) or
faeces inside the alimentary tract and blockage to their normal movement.
If this condition is due to accumulation of aama, one would notice the
following symptoms:
- Thirst
- Running of the nose
- Burning sensation in the head
- Pain and heaviness in the stomach
- Pain in the heart and
- Non movement of belching.
If the condition has developed due to accumulation of feaces, one could
notice such symptoms as
- Stiffness of joints of the waist and back
- Blockage of faeces and urine
- Pain
- Fainting
- Faecal vomiting
- Difficult respiration and the like. 17-19
तृष्णार्दितं परिक्लिष्टं क्षीणं शूलैरभिद्रुतम् |
शकृद्वमन्तं मतिमानुदावर्तिनमुत्सृजेत् || २० ||
tr̥ṣṇārditaṁ parikliṣṭaṁ kṣīṇaṁ śūlairabhidrutam |
śakr̥dvamantaṁ matimānudāvartinamutsr̥jēt || 20 ||
The following patients of Udavarta must be refused who are suffering from —
- Severe thirst
- Restlessness
- Severe distress
- Emaciation
- Continous obstinate abdominal pain and
- Feacal vomiting. 20
इति श्रीविजयरक्षितकृतायां मधुकोशव्याख्यामुदावर्तानाहनिदानं समाप्तम् || २७ ||
iti śrīvijayarakṣitakr̥tāyāṁ madhukōśavyākhyāmudāvartānāhanidānaṁ samāptam || 27 ||
Thus concludes the chapter of Udavarta.
Source —
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